一、【重点词汇】
1.重点单词
(1)形容词
central中心的;中央的
The Central Park is not far from the railway station.中央公园离火车站不远。
fascinating迷人的;极有吸引力的
Madagascar is the most fascinating place I have ever been to.马达加斯加是我去过的最迷人的地方。
convenient便利的,方便的
Venice has convenient water
transportation. 威尼斯水上交通便利
correct正确的;恰当的
Only one of the answers is correct.
只有一个答案是正确的。
polite有礼貌的;客气的
Mary is a very polite child.
玛丽是一个很有礼貌的孩子。
direct直接的;直率的
We pay all our bills by direct debit.
我们用直接借记的方式支付所有账单。
indirect间接的
He took an indirect route back home.
他选择了一条迂回的路线回家。
impolite 不礼貌的;粗鲁的
It's impolite to speak up to the old.
对老年人大声说话是不礼貌的。
underground地下的
Underground resources are particularly rich地下资源尤其丰富。
(2)副词
normally通常;正常情况下
Normally，he can work out the problem.
正常情况下，他能解出这道题。
politely 礼貌地;客气地
The waiters in the supermarket always treat customers politely.
超市的服务员总是很有礼貌地对待顾客。
(3)名词
east东;东方
The sun rises in the East and sets in the west every day.每天太阳从东方升起，从西方落下。
mall商场;购物中心
People go shopping in shopping malls.
人们在购物中心购物。
clerk职员
Lily is a bank clerk.莉莉是银行职员。
corner拐角;角落
There is a poor old man at the corner of the street.在街道的拐角处有一个可怜的老人。
direction方向，方位
The little boy lost his direction in the forest.小男孩在森林里迷失了方向。
address住址;地址;通讯处
Please tell me your mailing address.
请告诉我你的邮寄地址。
course课程;学科
There are many courses in our school.
我们学校有很多课程。
stamp邮票;印章
People used to post letters with stamps.
人们过去常常用邮票寄信。
bookstore书店
The bookstore of our school is opposite the hospital.我们学校的书店在医院的对面。
postcard明信片
Xiao Ming gave us two postcards.
小明给了我们两张明信片。
washroom洗手间;厕所
The toilet smells terrible
The washroom /bathroom smells terrible.
洗手间有股难闻的气味。
bathroom浴室;洗手间
suggest建议;提议
The teacher suggested that we go to
the library to buy books
staff管理人员;职工
Li Ming is a staff of the library
grape葡萄
Xinjiang Turpan ’s grape is very delicious.
speaker 讲(某种语言)的人;发言者
He is a speaker with a sense of justice.
restroom (美)洗手间;公共厕所
There is a restroom at the corner of the street.
(4)动词
pardon vt.请再说一遍;抱歉,对不起
l beg your pardon?
rush vi. &vt.仓促;急促
I have to rush or I'll be late for school.
我得赶紧了，否则上学就迟到了。
mail vt.邮寄;发电子邮件
Li Li sent an email yesterday.
李丽昨天发了一封电子邮件。
request vt. /n.要求；请求
Her request was turned down.
她的要求被拒绝了。
2.重点短语
(1)get some magazines买些杂志
Mary went to the library to buy some magazines yesterday. 玛丽昨天去图书馆买了一些杂志。
(2)have dinner吃晚饭
In the evening, our family have dinner together.在晚上，我们家人一起吃晚饭
(3)buy some stamps 买邮票
In the morning, my brother went to the post office to buy some stamps.早上，我弟弟去邮局买了一些邮票。
(4)between the bank and the supermarket在银行与超市之间
There is a bookstore between the bank and the supermarket. 在银行和超级市场之间有一家书店。
(5)be scared at被吓到了
The little sister was scared at the barking of the dog. 小妹妹被狗的叫声吓着了。
(6)on the way to Water City Restaurant去水城饭店的路
We are on the way to the Water City Restaurant. 我们正在去水城饭店的路上。
(7)wake up醒来
In the morning, my brother was woken up by his mother. 早上，哥哥被他妈妈叫醒了。
(8)mail a letter有一封信
Tom went to the post office to mail a letter yesterday. 汤姆昨天去邮局寄了一封信。
(9)ask for help请求帮助
In case of threat, we should ask the police for help. 万一遇到威胁，我们应该向警察求助。
(10)be polite to .…对....礼貌
As a student, we should be polite to our teachers.作为一名学生，我们应该对老师有礼貌。
(11)depend on依靠
We can't always depend on our parents when we grow up. 当我们长大后，我们不能总是依靠我们的父母。
(12)spend time in doing在做某事上花时间
It took them about five years to build this building.=They spent about five years in building this building. 他们花了大约五年的时间建造这座大楼。
(13)trouble sb.麻烦某人
Don't let trouble trouble me all the time.
别让麻烦一直麻烦我。
(14)look forward to期望
Lucy is looking forward to landing on the moon one day露西盼望着有一天能登上月球。
(15)turn right右转
Go straight ahead and then turn right，you can see a bank.一直往前走然后右转，你会看到一家银行。
二、【重要句型】
1. Could you please tell me how to get to the bookstore请你告诉我怎样去书店好吗?
Could you..?这个句型中，could在此不是过去形式，而是表示语气婉转、有礼貌。在希望得到肯定答复的疑问句中，以及在含有表示建议请求和征求意见语气的疑问句中，常用some和something, 而不用any和anything.如:
(1)Could you tell me something about yourself?请谈谈你自己好吗?
(2)Would you like to have some apples?
你们要吃苹果吗?
（3）Could you tell me the way to the hospital?你能告诉我去医院的路吗?
2. There's a bookstore between the bank and thesupermarket.有一家书店在银行和超市之间。
between... and...
(1)在....之间。例如:
I'll phone you between lunch and three o'clock. 我将在午餐后三点钟以前给你打电话。
(2)由于......表示原因)。例如:
Between the noise outside and lack of sleep, he couldn't concentrate on his homework.由于外面的噪音加上睡眠不足，他不能专心做作业。注: between.. and不仅可连接两者，也可连接三者。
3. I was scared at first, but shouting really did help.起初我害怕，但是喊叫真的有帮助。
be scared的搭配有:
①be scared at/by sth. 受到....的惊吓；吓到。
②be scared of sth /doing sth.害怕什么东西或害怕做什么事
③be scared to do sth.害怕去做什么事
I'm scared to go out alone at night.
④be scared that+从句提心吊胆什么事
4. Both are correct.两个都正确。
both意思为“两个都”。
all,both表示“都、全部”。
(1)both指两个人或物，而all指三个以上的人或物，在句中都可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语或定语。例如:Both of us want to go.我们两人都想去。
All of us should work hard.我们都应努力工作。
(2)both和all都可直接修饰名词;名词前如有限定词时,其前只能用bothof或allof。例如:
Both brothers are clever.兄弟俩都聪明。
Both of the books are useful.两本书都有用。
(3)both 和all在句中的位置位于be动词之后，作为动词之前，如有情态动词或助动词，则位于情态动词或助动词与主动词之间。例如:
We are all here.我们都来了。
[注意]
both的反义词是neither ，
all的反义词是none,
Both of us are not doctors.我们俩并非都是医生。(部分否定)
Neither of us is a doctor.我们俩都不是医生。(全部否定)
All of the books are not helpful.并非所有这些书都对人有帮助。(部分否定)
both.. and..是并列连词，当它连接两个主语时，谓语要用复数。如:
Both my father and mother like singing.
我父母都喜欢唱歌。
三、核心语法
｛宾语从句｝
在句中充当宾语，它可以作谓语动词的宾语，也可以作介词的宾语。例如:
I don't know when we shall meet again.
我不知道我们什么时间会见面。
宾语从句三要素
1.关联词
2.语序
3.时态
〈一〉宾语从句的引导词
1)当从句是陈述句时用that来引导,在口语或非正式文体中可省略。
I hear( that) he will be back in a month,
2)当从句是一般疑问句时，用 if或whether(是否)来引导宾语从句。
△I asked whether/ if they had been to U.S.A.
△No one knows weather/ if my sister likes the present.
3）当句末有or not时，只能用whether.
Will he come?
I don't know if/whether he will come.
I was not 呈 sure whether he would come or not,
4)当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时用who, whose, whom,which,what, when, where, how, why等词引导。
△I don't know 〈who 〉can help me.
△Do you know 〈who 〉has won the game?
△Can you tell me 〈where〉 I can buy some stamps?
△I don't know〈 why 〉he hasn't come yet.
△Can you tell me〈 how〉 I can read this word?
△I believe 〈what 〉the teacher told us.
Do you know what they are talking about?
△Do you know 〈when〉 they will visit the Capital Museum?
△Your dress looks very beautiful.
Could you tell me 〈where〉 you bought it?
〈二〉宾语从句的语序:牢记宾语从句一定要用陈述句的语序，即主语在前,谓语动词在后。
I don't know. Could he pass the exam?
I don't know whether he could pass the exam or not.我不知道他是否能通过考试。
〈三〉宾语从句的时态
1)当主句是一般现在时,宾语从句可以根据实际需要用各种时态。
△Lili says she will leave a note on the
teacher's desk丽丽说她会留个便条老师的桌子上。
2)如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,宾语从句必须用过去时的某种形式。
①从句的动作和主句的动作紧接着发生，从句用一般过去时。
The policewoman asked the little boy where he lived?
女警察问小男孩他住在哪里吗do?
②当从句的动作和主句的动作同时发生，则从句用过去进行时。
The woman told me that she was looking
for her son.
③如果宾语从句的动作发生在主句动作前，则从句用过去完成时。
My father once told me that he had been to America twice.
④如果宾语从句的动作发生在主句动作后,则宾语从句用过去将来时。
My son told me yesterday that he would become an engineer in the future. 我儿子昨天告诉我他将来会成为一名工程师。
⑤如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理,其谓语动词则用一般现在时。
△The geography teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.地理老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。
△The physics teacher told us that the
speed of light is much faster than that
of sound
〈四〉宾语从句的简化
(1)当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是hope, wish, decide, agree, choose等时，从句可简化为动词不定式结构。
I hope that I can visit Australia.
=I hope to visit Australia.
我希望能参观澳大利亚。
I decided to study in America.
(2)当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是know, remember, forget, learn等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+动词不定式”结构。
l didn't know how long can do it.
=I didn't know how to do it.
我不知道怎么做这件事。
(3 )当主句的谓语动词是see, watch, hear等感官动词时，从句可简化为“宾语+宾语补足语”结构,宾语补足语为不带to的动词不定式或者动词-ing形式。
Ann saw the wallet was lying on the floor.
=Ann saw the wallet lying on the floor.
安看见钱包躺在地板上。
(4)宾语从句有时也可简化为名词或名词短语。
We don't believe what the girl said
=We don't believe the girl's words,
我们不相信那个女孩所说的话。
提示宾语从句还可以简化为“it+形容词+动词不定式短语”的形式。
I found that it was hard to learn English well.=I found it hard to learn English well.
我发现学好英语很难。
